Forest regeneration, establishment, and stand tending pursue an aim to cultivate high yield and biologically stable forest stands to meet the national economy’s demand for timber, while maintaining the ecological balance and enhancing he forest’s recreational and aesthetic values. As proved by the forest regeneration data for the recent years the forest areas regenerated are increasing. In 2004, a record was set in forest regeneration: altogether 37,571 ha of forests were regenerated, of which 11,972 ha (32%) artificial regeneration, 25,599 ha (68%) natural regeneration. he proportion of artificial regeneration in state owned forests is 63%, in other ownership forests - 18%. The artificial regeneration is practiced mainly on cutovers of coniferous species.

The provisions of the forest regeneration regulations and the related decisions of the forest owners have resulted in forests regenerated by three major commercially exploitable tree species – pine, spruce and birch. In 2004, on the national level the total forest area regenerated by conifers is 16,602 ha (44%), by birch 13,712 ha (37 %).

Forest establishment is creating forest on abandoned farmlands. It is one of the ways of rational land utilization. Farmlands may be afforested also for the purpose of plantation cultivation of forest crops. Plantation forests are cultivated for some special purpose. The volume of farmland afforestation is increasing in the recent years. In 2004, totally 1,956 ha of forest were established, of which plantation forests were 290 ha. In artificial forest regeneration, the biggest area is under spruce, 861ha, followed by birch, 742 ha, and pine, 150 ha.